I-rosin resin
Kwangaxeshanye, ikwanazo neempendulo ze-carboxyl ezifana ne-esterification, utywala, ukubunjwa kwetyuwa, i-decarboxylation, kunye ne-aminolysis.
I-reprocessing yesibini ye-rosin isekelwe kwiimpawu ze-rosin kunye ne-double bonds kunye namaqela e-carboxyl, kwaye i-rosin iguqulwa ukuze ivelise uluhlu lwe-rosin eguquliweyo, ephucula ukusetyenziswa kwexabiso le-rosin.
I-resin ye-rosin isetyenziselwa imboni yokuncamathelisa ukunyusa i-viscosity, ukutshintsha ukunamathela okunamathelayo, iipropati ezidibeneyo, njl.
I-rosin resin yi-tricyclic diterpenoid compound, efunyenwe kwi-monoclinic flaky crystals kwi-ethanol enamanzi. I-melting point yi-172 ~ 175 ° C, kwaye ukujikeleza kwe-optical yi-102 ° (i-ethanol e-anhydrous). Ayinyibiliki emanzini, inyibilika kwi ethanol, benzene, chloroform, ether, acetone, carbon disulfide kunye ne dilute aqueous sodium hydroxide solution.
Yeyona nxalenye iphambili ye-rosin resin yendalo. Ii-esters ze-rosin acids (ezifana ne-methyl esters, i-vinyl alcohol esters, kunye ne-glycerides) zisetyenziswa kwiipeyinti kunye neevanishi, kodwa nakwiisepha, iiplastiki kunye ne-resins.
I-polyol ester ye-rosin acid. Iipolyols ezisetyenziswa ngokuqhelekileyo yi-glycerol kunye ne-pentaerythritol. I polyol
I-softening point ye-pentaerythritol rosin ester iphezulu kune-glycerol rosin ester, kunye nokusebenza kokumisa, ukuqina, ukuchasana kwamanzi kunye nezinye iimpawu ze-varnish zingcono kunezo ze-varnish ezenziwe nge-glycerol rosin ester.
Ukuba i-ester ehambelanayo eyenziwe kwi-polymerized rosin okanye i-hydrogenated rosin isetyenziswe njengezinto eziluhlaza, ukuthambekela kokuguqulwa kwebala kuncitshisiwe, kunye nezinye iimpawu ziphuculwe kwinqanaba elithile. Indawo yokuthambisa ye-polymerized rosin ester iphezulu kune-rosin ester, ngelixa i-softening point ye-hydrogenated rosin ester iphantsi.
I-esters ye-rosin ihlanjululwa kwii-rosin resins. I-rosin resin yenziwa nge-esterification ye-rosin. Ngokomzekelo, i-rosin glyceride yenziwe nge-rosin nge-esterification ye-glycerol.
Icandelo eliphambili le-rosin resin yi-asidi ye-resin, engumxube we-isomers kunye ne-molecular formula C19H29 COOH; I-rosin ester ibhekisela kwimveliso efunyenwe emva kwe-esterification ye-rosin resin, kuba iyinto eyahlukileyo, ngoko akunakwenzeka ukutsho ukuba ngubani ububanzi. enkulu.
I-rosin-modified phenolic resin isabonakaliswa ikakhulu yinkqubo yemveli yokudibanisa. Inkqubo yenyathelo elinye kukuxuba i-phenol, i-aldehyde kunye nezinye izinto eziluhlaza kunye ne-rosin kwaye uphendule ngokuthe ngqo.
Ifom yenkqubo ilula, kodwa iimfuno zokulawula ezifana nokufudumeza okulandelayo ziphezulu; Inkqubo enamanyathelo amabini kukudibanisa i-phenolic condensate ephakathi kwangaphambili, kwaye emva koko uphendule kunye nenkqubo yerosin.
Inqanaba ngalinye lokusabela elithile ekugqibeleni lenza i-resin enexabiso eliphantsi le-asidi, indawo ephezulu yokuthambisa, kunye nobunzima bemolekyuli obuthelekisekayo kunye nokunyibilika okuthile kwizinyibilikisi zeoyile yezimbiwa.
1. Inkqubo enenyathelo elinye Umgaqo wokusabela:
â Ukwenziwa kwe-resole phenolic resin: I-alkylphenol yongezwa kwi-rosin etyhidiweyo, kwaye i-paraformaldehyde ikhona kwinkqubo ye-granular form, kwaye emva koko ibole ibe yi-monomer formaldehyde, ethi ingene kwi-polycondensation reaction kunye ne-alkylphenol.
Ukuqulunqwa kwe-methine quinone: ukuchithwa kwamanzi kwiqondo lokushisa eliphakamileyo, kwinkqubo yokufudumeza, umsebenzi we-methylol kwinkqubo yanda ngokukhawuleza, ukuchithwa kwamanzi ngaphakathi kwe-molecule ye-methylol kwenzeka, kunye ne-condensation etherification reaction phakathi kwee-molecule ze-methylol zenzeka, zakha. Iintlobo ngeentlobo ze-phenolic condensates ezinamaqondo ahlukeneyo epolymerization ziyafumaneka.
⢠Ukongezwa kwerosin kwi-methine quinone kunye ne-maleic anhydride: Yongeza i-maleic anhydride kwi-180 °C, sebenzisa i-unsaturated double bond ye-maleic anhydride kunye ne-double bond kwi-rosin acid ukongeza, kwaye kwangaxeshanye wongeze imethine quinone kwirosin. I-asidi iphinda ifumane impendulo yokongeza i-Diels-Alder ukuvelisa i-maleic anhydride chromofuran compounds.
⣠I-Esterification ye-polyol: Ubukho bamaqela amaninzi e-carboxyl kwinkqubo buya kutshabalalisa ibhalansi yenkqubo kwaye kubangele ukungazinzi kwe-resin.
Ke ngoko, songeza i-polyols kwaye sisebenzise i-esterification reaction phakathi kwamaqela e-hydroxyl e-polyols kunye namaqela e-carboxyl kwinkqubo yokunciphisa ixabiso le-asidi yenkqubo. Ngelo xesha, ngokusebenzisa i-esterification yeepolyols, iipolymers eziphezulu ezifanelekileyo kwiinki zokushicilela ze-offset zenziwe.
2. Inkqubo enamanyathelo amabini Umgaqo wokusabela:
â Ngaphantsi kwesenzo se-catalyst ekhethekileyo, i-formaldehyde yenza iindidi ze-resole phenolic oligomers eziqulethe isixa esikhulu se-methylol esebenzayo kwisisombululo se-alkylphenol. Ekubeni inkqubo ayinayo i-inhibitory effect ye-rosin acid, i-condensates kunye neeyunithi ezingaphezu kwe-5 ze-phenolic structural units zingenziwa.
â¡ I-polyol kunye ne-rosin zifakwe kwiqondo lokushisa eliphezulu, kwaye phantsi kwesenzo se-catalyst esisiseko, ixabiso elifunekayo le-asidi linokufikelelwa ngokukhawuleza.
⢠Kwi-rosin polyol ester efunyenweyo, ngokucothayo yongeza i-resin edibeneyo ye-phenolic resin, lawula umyinge wokongeza we-dropwise kunye nobushushu, kwaye ugqibezele udibaniso lwe-dropwise. Ukukhutshwa kwamanzi kwiqondo lokushisa eliphakamileyo, kwaye ekugqibeleni i-resin efunwayo yenziwe.
Inzuzo yenkqubo yesinyathelo esisodwa kukuba inkunkuma isuswe ngendlela ye-steam, ekulula ukujongana nayo ekukhuselweni kwendalo. Nangona kunjalo, i-phenolic condensation reaction eyenzeka kwi-rosin etyhidiweyo ixhomekeke kwiimpendulo ezininzi zecala ngenxa yobushushu obuphezulu bokusabela kunye nokutshatyalaliswa kokungalingani.
Ukulungelelaniswa kunzima ukulawula, kwaye akulula ukufumana iimveliso ze-resin ezizinzileyo. Inzuzo yendlela yamanyathelo amabini kukuba i-oligomer ye-phenolic condensation enesakhiwo esizinzileyo kunye nokwakheka inokufumaneka, inqanaba ngalinye lokusabela lilula ukujonga, kwaye umgangatho wemveliso uzinzile.
Ukungalungi kukuba i-phenolic pulp condensate yemveli kufuneka ingathathi hlangothi nge-asidi kwaye ihlanjululwe ngamanzi amaninzi ukuze isuse ityuwa ngaphambi kokuba isabelane ne-rosin, ibangele umthamo omkhulu wamanzi amdaka aqulethe i-phenol, ebangela umonakalo omkhulu okusingqongileyo kwaye kuthatha ixesha elininzi.
Umbuzo wokuchaneka nokungalunganga kwinqanaba elinye kunye neenkqubo ezimbini sele sele igxininise kubenzi be-inki. Kodwa kutshanje, ngophuhliso oluyimpumelelo lwendlela yokungahlambisi yokudibanisa i-phenolic condensate, ukulungelelaniswa kweendlela ezimbini zokudibanisa kukhuthazwe ngamandla.
