Ikhabhoni emnyama, yi-amorphous carbon, ilula, ikhululekile kwaye icoleke kakhulu ngumgubo omnyama, onokuqondwa njengophantsi kwembiza.
Yimveliso efunyenwe ngokutshiswa okungaphelelanga okanye ukuchithwa kwe-thermal yezinto ze-carbonaceous ezifana namalahle, igesi yendalo, i-oyile enzima, kunye ne-oyile ye-fuel phantsi kwemeko yomoya onganeleyo.
Elona candelo lekhabhoni emnyama yikhabhoni, eyona nto yakudala i-nanomaterial eyaphuhliswayo, yasetyenziswa kwaye yaveliswa luluntu ngoku. , idweliswe njengenye yeemveliso zemichiza ezisisiseko ezingamashumi amabini anesihlanu kunye neemveliso zemichiza ezilungileyo lishishini lemichiza lamazwe ngamazwe.
Ishishini lekhabhoni emnyama libaluleke kakhulu kwishishini lamatayara, ishishini lokudaya kunye nokuphucula umgangatho weemveliso zoluntu.
1. Ngokwemveliso
Ikakhulu yahlulahlulwe kwisibane esimnyama, igesi emnyama, i-furnace emnyama kunye ne-slot emnyama.
2. Ngokwenjongo
Ngokweendlela ezahlukeneyo zokusetyenziswa, i-carbon black idla ngokwahlulwa ibe yi-carbon black ye-pigment, i-carbon black yerabha, i-carbon black conductive kunye ne-carbon black ekhethekileyo.
Ikhabhoni emnyama ye-pigment - Kumazwe ngamazwe, ngokwesakhono sokufaka umbala kwikhabhoni emnyama, ihlala yohlulwe ibe ziindidi ezintathu, ezizezi high-pigment carbon black, medium-pigment carbon black and low-pigment carbon black.
Olu lwahlulo ludla ngokumelwa ngoonobumba abathathu besiNgesi, iileta ezimbini zokuqala zibonisa amandla ombala wekhabhoni emnyama, kwaye unobumba wokugqibela ubonisa indlela yokuvelisa.
3. Ngokomsebenzi
Ukwahlulwe kakhulu kwikhabhoni emnyama eyomeleziweyo, i-carbon enemibala emnyama, i-carbon conductive emnyama, njl.
4. Ngokomzekelo
Ikakhulu yahlulwe yaba yi-N220,
Ikhabhoni emnyama esetyenziswa kushishino lwerabha yenza ngaphezu kwe-90% yekhabhoni ephumayo iphelele. Isetyenziswa kakhulu kwiindidi ezahlukeneyo zamatayara, njengamatayara emoto, amatayara etrektara, amatayara enqwelo-moya, amatayara emoto yombane, amavili ebhayisekile, njl.njl. Malunga ne-10 yeekhilogram zekhabhoni emnyama iyafuneka ukwenza itayara lemoto eliqhelekileyo.
Kwikhabhoni emnyama yerabha, ngaphezulu kweekota ezintathu zekhabhoni emnyama isetyenziselwa ukwenziwa kwamatayara, kwaye intsalela isetyenziswa kwezinye iimveliso zerabha, ezinje ngeeteyiphu, imibhobho, izihlangu zerabha, njl njl. Kwishishini lemveliso yerabha , ukusetyenziswa kwe-carbon black account malunga ne-40 ~ 50% yokusetyenziswa kwerubha.
Isizathu sokuba i-carbon black isetyenziswe kakhulu kwi-rubber yinto ebalaseleyo ebizwa ngokuba yi-"reinforcing" isakhono. Oku "komeleza" isakhono sekhabhoni emnyama safunyanwa okokuqala kwirabha yendalo kwangoko ngo-1914. Ngoku sele kuqinisekisiwe ukuba kwirabha yokwenziwa, ukukwazi ukomeleza kwekhabhoni emnyama kudlala indima ebaluleke ngakumbi.
Uphawu olubaluleke kakhulu lokuqiniswa kwekhabhoni emnyama kukuphucula ukusebenza kokunxiba kwesondo. Itayara eline-30% eyomeleziweyo yekhabhoni emnyama inokuhamba iikhilomitha ezingama-48,000 ukuya kuma-64,000; ngelixa ugcwalisa ubungakanani obufanayo be-inert okanye i-non-reinforcing filler endaweni ye-carbon Black, i-mileage yayo yi-4800 yeekhilomitha kuphela.
Ukongeza, ukuqiniswa kwekhabhoni emnyama kunokuphucula iipropathi ezibonakalayo kunye nezomatshini zeemveliso zerabha, njengamandla okuqina kunye nokukrazula amandla. Umzekelo, ukongeza ukuqiniswa kwekhabhoni emnyama kwirabha eyikristale efana nerabha yendalo okanye i-neoprene inokonyusa amandla okuqina malunga ne-1 ukuya kumaxesha angama-1.7 xa kuthelekiswa nerabha evulziweyo ngaphandle kwekhabhoni emnyama; Kwirabha, inokunyuswa ukuya kumaxesha ama-4 ukuya kwali-12.
Kwishishini lerabha, uhlobo lwekhabhoni emnyama kunye nesixa sayo sokudibanisa kufuneka simiselwe ngokwenjongo kunye nokusetyenziswa kweemeko zemveliso. Umzekelo, ukunyathela kwamatayara, ukuxhathisa ukunxiba kufuneka kuqwalaselwe kuqala, ngoko ke i-carbon-black-yomeleza kakhulu, efana nesithando somlilo esine-ultra-abrasion-resistant, i-medium-high-high-resistant dace black okanye isithando somlilo esine-high-abrasion-resistant, siyafuneka. ; ngelixa ukunyathela kunye nerubha ye-carcass Izinto eziphathekayo zifuna i-carbon black kunye nokulahlekelwa kwe-hysteresis encinci kunye nokuveliswa kobushushu obuphantsi.
